C++中this指针用法详解及实例
概要：
本文简单介绍this指针的基本概念，并通过一个实际例子介绍this指针用于防止变量命名冲突和用于类中层叠式调用的两个用法。
this指针概览
C++中，每个类 对应了一个对象，每个对象指向自己所在内存地址的方式即为使用this指针。在类中，this指针作为一个变量通过编译器隐式传递给非暂存(non-static)成员函数。因为this指针不是对象本身，因此sizeof函数并不能用于确定this指针所对应的对象大小。this指针的具体类型与具体对象的类型以及对象是否被const关键字修饰 有关。例如，在类Employee的非常量函数中，this指针类型为Employee ，若为常量函数，则this指针类型为const Employee 。由于this本身是一个指向对象的指针，因此*this这类去指针操作则得到本类中对象的地址。关于this指针的使用，举例如下：
本文代码引用和免责声明：
/**************************************************************************
* (C) Copyright 1992-2012 by Deitel & Associates, Inc. and *
* Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved. *
* *
* DISCLAIMER: The authors and publisher of this book have used their *
* best efforts in preparing the book. These efforts include the *
* development, research, and testing of the theories and programs *
* to determine their effectiveness. The authors and publisher make *
* no warranty of any kind, expressed or implied, with regard to these *
* programs or to the documentation contained in these books. The authors *
* and publisher shall not be liable in any event for incidental or *
* consequential damages in connection with, or arising out of, the *
* furnishing, performance, or use of these programs. *
**************************************************************************/
Test.h文件：
#ifndef TEST_H
#define TEST_H
class Test
{
public:
explicit Test( int = 0 ); // default constructor
void print() const;
private:
int x;
}; // end class Test
#endif /* TEST_H */
Test.cpp文件：
#include "Test.h"
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
// constructor
Test::Test( int value ) : x( value ){}
// print x using implicit and explicit this pointers;
// the parentheses around *this are required
void Test::print() const
{
// implicitly use the this pointer to access the member x
cout << " x = " << x;
// explicitly use the this pointer and the arrow operator
// to access the member x
cout << "n this->x = " << this->x;
// explicitly use the dereferenced this pointer and
// the dot operator to access the member x
cout << "n(*this).x = " << ( *this ).x << endl;
} // end function print
