一．《Google C++ 编程风格指南》里的观点
公司在推行编码规范，领导提议基本上使用《Google C++ 编程风格指南》。
其中《Google C++ 编程风格指南》对于头文件的包含顺序是这样的：
Names and Order of Includes
link ▽Use standard order for readability and to avoid hidden dependencies:C library, C++ library, other libraries' .h, your project's .h.
All of a project's header files should belisted as descendants of the project's source directory without use of UNIXdirectory shortcuts . (the current directory) or .. (the parent directory). Forexample, google-awesome-project/src/base/logging.h should be included as
#include "base/logging.h"
In dir/foo.cc or dir/foo_test.cc, whosemain purpose is to implement or test the stuff in dir2/foo2.h, order yourincludes as follows:
dir2/foo2.h (preferred location — seedetails below).
C system files.
C++ system files.
Other libraries' .h files.
Your project's .h files.
The preferred ordering reduces hiddendependencies. We want every header file to be compilable on its own. Theeasiest way to achieve this is to make sure that every one of them is the first.h file #included in some .cc.
dir/foo.cc and dir2/foo2.h are often in thesame directory (e.g. base/basictypes_test.cc and base/basictypes.h), but can bein different directories too.
Within each section it is nice to order theincludes alphabetically.
For example, the includes ingoogle-awesome-project/src/foo/internal/fooserver.cc might look like this:
<span style="font-size:16px;">
#include "foo/public/fooserver.h" // Preferred location.
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <hash_map>
#include <vector>
#include "base/basictypes.h"
#include"base/commandlineflags.h"
#include "foo/public/bar.h"
</span>
在这里我谈一下我对上面的理解（如不当，还请诸位同学指正）：
1. 为了加强可读性和避免隐含依赖，应使用下面的顺序：C标准库、C++标准库、其它库的头文件、你自己工程的头文件。不过这里最先包含的是首选的头文件，即例如a.cpp文件中应该优先包含a.h。首选的头文件是为了减少隐藏依赖，同时确保头文件和实现文件是匹配的。具体的例子是：假如你有一个cc文件（Linux平台的cpp文件后缀为cc）是google-awesome-project/src/foo/internal/fooserver.cc，那么它所包含的头文件的顺序如下：
<span style="font-size:16px;">#include "foo/public/fooserver.h" // Preferred location.
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <hash_map>
#include <vector>
#include "base/basictypes.h"
#include "base/commandlineflags.h"
#include "foo/public/bar.h"
</span>
