C#异步下载文件

2019-12-30 11:31:45于丽

在一个Button的Click事件下,键入如下代码:


//下载文件的url 
string url = this.textBox1.Text.Trim(); 
 
//创建一个初始化请求对象 
HttpWebRequest request = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(new Uri(url)); 
 
//设置下载相关参数 
RequestState requestState = new RequestState(); 
requestState.BUFFER_SIZE = 1024; 
requestState.BufferRead = new byte[requestState.BUFFER_SIZE]; 
requestState.Request = request; 
requestState.SavePath = Path.Combine("D:", Path.GetFileName(url)); 
requestState.FileStream = new FileStream(requestState.SavePath, FileMode.OpenOrCreate); 
 
//开始异步请求资源 
request.BeginGetResponse(new AsyncCallback(ResponseCallback), requestState); 

我们可以看到,异步的操作方法一般都是以Begin开头的BeginGetResponse,我们平时用的比较多的同步方法直接使用GetResponse。另外AsyncCallback是一个委托,前面讲过,它里面的参数是一个方法,我们起名为ResponseCallback,并且把requestState作为参数传递过去。
接下来就可以看一下ResponseCallback方法:


/// <summary> 
/// 请求资源方法的回调函数 
/// </summary> 
/// <param name="asyncResult">用于在回调函数当中传递操作状态</param> 
private void ResponseCallback(IAsyncResult asyncResult) 
{ 
  RequestState requestState = (RequestState)asyncResult.AsyncState; 
  requestState.Response = (HttpWebResponse)requestState.Request.EndGetResponse(asyncResult); 
 
  Stream responseStream = requestState.Response.GetResponseStream(); 
  requestState.ResponseStream = responseStream; 
 
  //开始异步读取流 
  responseStream.BeginRead(requestState.BufferRead, 0, requestState.BufferRead.Length, ReadCallback, requestState); 
} 

我们可以看到,回调函数里面又有一个异步操作。它的任务是对响应流异步的读取到缓冲区当中。
再进一步,看一下ReadCallback回调函数。


/// <summary> 
/// 异步读取流的回调函数 
/// </summary> 
/// <param name="asyncResult">用于在回调函数当中传递操作状态</param> 
private void ReadCallback(IAsyncResult asyncResult) 
{ 
  RequestState requestState = (RequestState)asyncResult.AsyncState; 
  int read = requestState.ResponseStream.EndRead(asyncResult); 
  if (read > 0) 
  { 
    //将缓冲区的数据写入该文件流 
    requestState.FileStream.Write(requestState.BufferRead, 0, read); 
 
    //开始异步读取流 
    requestState.ResponseStream.BeginRead(requestState.BufferRead, 0, requestState.BufferRead.Length, ReadCallback, requestState); 
  } 
  else 
  { 
    requestState.Response.Close(); 
    requestState.FileStream.Close(); 
  } 
} 

这里面是真正的将流写入文件的过程,并且用BeginRead方法递归的写入文件流直到文件完全写好为止。