首先我们来了解下什么是强引用和什么是弱引用?
强引用是指创建一个对象并把这个对象赋给一个引用变量， 强引用有引用变量指向时永远不会被垃圾回收。即使内存不足的时候宁愿报OOM也不被垃圾回收器回收，我们new的对象都是强引用
弱引用通过weakReference类来实现，它具有很强的不确定性，如果垃圾回收器扫描到有着WeakReference的对象，就会将其回收释放内存
现在我们来看Universal-Image-Loader有哪些内存缓存策略
1. 只使用的是强引用缓存
LruMemoryCache（这个类就是这个开源框架默认的内存缓存类，缓存的是bitmap的强引用，下面我会从源码上面分析这个类）
2.使用强引用和弱引用相结合的缓存有
UsingFreqLimitedMemoryCache（如果缓存的图片总量超过限定值，先删除使用频率最小的bitmap）
LRULimitedMemoryCache（这个也是使用的lru算法，和LruMemoryCache不同的是，他缓存的是bitmap的弱引用）
FIFOLimitedMemoryCache（先进先出的缓存策略，当超过设定值，先删除最先加入缓存的bitmap）
LargestLimitedMemoryCache(当超过缓存限定值，先删除最大的bitmap对象)
LimitedAgeMemoryCache（当 bitmap加入缓存中的时间超过我们设定的值，将其删除）
3.只使用弱引用缓存
WeakMemoryCache（这个类缓存bitmap的总大小没有限制，唯一不足的地方就是不稳定，缓存的图片容易被回收掉）
上面介绍了Universal-Image-Loader所提供的所有的内存缓存的类，当然我们也可以使用我们自己写的内存缓存类，我们还要看看要怎么将这些内存缓存加入到我们的项目中，我们只需要配置ImageLoaderConfiguration.memoryCache(...)，如下
ImageLoaderConfiguration configuration = new ImageLoaderConfiguration.Builder(this) .memoryCache(new WeakMemoryCache()) .build();
下面我们来分析LruMemoryCache这个类的源代码
package com.nostra13.universalimageloader.cache.memory.impl;
import android.graphics.Bitmap;
import com.nostra13.universalimageloader.cache.memory.MemoryCacheAware;
import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.LinkedHashMap;
import java.util.Map;
/**
* A cache that holds strong references to a limited number of Bitmaps. Each time a Bitmap is accessed, it is moved to
* the head of a queue. When a Bitmap is added to a full cache, the Bitmap at the end of that queue is evicted and may
* become eligible for garbage collection.<br />
* <br />
* <b>NOTE:</b> This cache uses only strong references for stored Bitmaps.
*
* @author Sergey Tarasevich (nostra13[at]gmail[dot]com)
* @since 1.8.1
*/
public class LruMemoryCache implements MemoryCacheAware<String, Bitmap> {
private final LinkedHashMap<String, Bitmap> map;
private final int maxSize;
/** Size of this cache in bytes */
private int size;
/** @param maxSize Maximum sum of the sizes of the Bitmaps in this cache */
public LruMemoryCache(int maxSize) {
if (maxSize <= 0) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("maxSize <= 0");
}
this.maxSize = maxSize;
this.map = new LinkedHashMap<String, Bitmap>(0, 0.75f, true);
}
/**
* Returns the Bitmap for {@code key} if it exists in the cache. If a Bitmap was returned, it is moved to the head
* of the queue. This returns null if a Bitmap is not cached.
*/
@Override
public final Bitmap get(String key) {
if (key == null) {
throw new NullPointerException("key == null");
}
synchronized (this) {
return map.get(key);
}
}
/** Caches {@code Bitmap} for {@code key}. The Bitmap is moved to the head of the queue. */
@Override
public final boolean put(String key, Bitmap value) {
if (key == null || value == null) {
throw new NullPointerException("key == null || value == null");
}
synchronized (this) {
size += sizeOf(key, value);
Bitmap previous = map.put(key, value);
if (previous != null) {
size -= sizeOf(key, previous);
}
}
trimToSize(maxSize);
return true;
}
/**
* Remove the eldest entries until the total of remaining entries is at or below the requested size.
*
* @param maxSize the maximum size of the cache before returning. May be -1 to evict even 0-sized elements.
*/
private void trimToSize(int maxSize) {
while (true) {
String key;
Bitmap value;
synchronized (this) {
if (size < 0 || (map.isEmpty() && size != 0)) {
throw new IllegalStateException(getClass().getName() + ".sizeOf() is reporting inconsistent results!");
}
if (size <= maxSize || map.isEmpty()) {
break;
}
Map.Entry<String, Bitmap> toEvict = map.entrySet().iterator().next();
if (toEvict == null) {
break;
}
key = toEvict.getKey();
value = toEvict.getValue();
map.remove(key);
size -= sizeOf(key, value);
}
}
}
/** Removes the entry for {@code key} if it exists. */
@Override
public final void remove(String key) {
if (key == null) {
throw new NullPointerException("key == null");
}
synchronized (this) {
Bitmap previous = map.remove(key);
if (previous != null) {
size -= sizeOf(key, previous);
}
}
}
@Override
public Collection<String> keys() {
synchronized (this) {
return new HashSet<String>(map.keySet());
}
}
@Override
public void clear() {
trimToSize(-1); // -1 will evict 0-sized elements
}
/**
* Returns the size {@code Bitmap} in bytes.
* <p/>
* An entry's size must not change while it is in the cache.
*/
private int sizeOf(String key, Bitmap value) {
return value.getRowBytes() * value.getHeight();
}
@Override
public synchronized final String toString() {
return String.format("LruCache[maxSize=%d]", maxSize);
}
}
