CentOS服务器初始化设置详细说明

2019-10-10 15:13:43刘景俊

echo -e "net.unix.max_dgram_qlen = 655360" >> /etc/sysctl.conf

echo -e "kernel.msgmnb = 655360" >> /etc/sysctl.conf

echo -e "kernel.msgmax = 655360" >> /etc/sysctl.conf

echo -e "kernel.msgmni = 20480" >> /etc/sysctl.conf

/sbin/sysctl -p #使配置立即生效

cat /var/log/secure #查看系统设置是否正确,没有error提示说明设置正确

错误:

error: "net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables" is an unknown key

error: "net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables" is an unknown key

error: "net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-arptables" is an unknown key

解决办法:

modprobe bridge

lsmod|grep bridge

modprobe ip_conntrack

备注:

CentOS 5.x中模块名是ip_conntrack

CentOS 6.x 7.x中模块名是nf_conntrack

在/etc/sysctl.conf优化时,在CentOS 6.x 7.x中要把

net.ipv4.netfilter.ip_conntrack_max 这种参数

改成net.netfilter.nf_conntrack_max

四、系统安全设置

1、创建普通账号

useradd osyunwei #创建普通账号

passwd osyunwei #根据提示设置密码,需要输入2次

2、禁用root直接登录

vi /etc/ssh/sshd_config #编辑

找到PermitRootLogin,将后面的yes改为no

:wq! #保存退出

3、给系统文件加锁,防止未经许可的删除或添加

chattr +ia /etc/passwd

chattr +ia /etc/shadow

chattr +ia /etc/group

chattr +ia /etc/gshadow

chattr +ia /etc/services

lsattr /etc/passwd /etc/shadow /etc/group /etc/gshadow /etc/services #显示文件的属性

注意:执行以上权限修改之后,就无法添加删除用户了。

如果再要添加删除用户,需要先取消上面的设置,等用户添加删除完成之后,再执行上面的操作

chattr -ia /etc/passwd

chattr -ia /etc/shadow

chattr -ia /etc/group

chattr -ia /etc/gshadow

chattr -ia /etc/services

4、开启防火墙

yum install iptables #安装防火墙 yum install wget 先安装下载工具

chkconfig iptables on #设置开机启动

vi /etc/sysconfig/iptables #编辑,添加以下代码

# Firewall configuration written by system-config-firewall

# Manual customization of this file is not recommended.

*filter

:INPUT ACCEPT [0:0]

:FORWARD ACCEPT [0:0]

:OUTPUT ACCEPT [0:0]

-A INPUT -m state --state ESTABLISHED,RELATED -j ACCEPT

-A INPUT -p icmp -j ACCEPT

-A INPUT -i lo -j ACCEPT

-A INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 22 -j ACCEPT

-A INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 80 -j ACCEPT

-A INPUT -s 192.168.1.1/24 -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 3306 -j ACCEPT

-A INPUT -j REJECT --reject-with icmp-host-prohibited

-A FORWARD -j REJECT --reject-with icmp-host-prohibited

COMMIT

# Iptables For OsYunWei.Com Date 2015/05/22