在 Server 的 ListenAndServe 方法中,会初始化监听地址 Addr ,同时调用 Listen 方法设置监听。最后将监听的TCP对象传入 Serve 方法:
func (srv *Server) Serve(l net.Listener) error {
...
baseCtx := context.Background() // base is always background, per Issue 16220
ctx := context.WithValue(baseCtx, ServerContextKey, srv)
for {
rw, e := l.Accept() // 等待新的连接建立
...
c := srv.newConn(rw)
c.setState(c.rwc, StateNew) // before Serve can return
go c.serve(ctx) // 创建新的协程处理请求
}
}
这里隐去了一些细节,以便了解 Serve 方法的主要逻辑。首先创建一个上下文对象,然后调用 Listener 的 Accept() 等待新的连接建立;一旦有新的连接建立,则调用 Server 的 newConn() 创建新的连接对象,并将连接的状态标志为 StateNew ,然后开启一个新的 goroutine 处理连接请求。
处理连接
我们继续探索 conn 的 serve() 方法,这个方法同样很长,我们同样只看关键逻辑。坚持一下,马上就要看见大海了。
func (c *conn) serve(ctx context.Context) {
...
for {
w, err := c.readRequest(ctx)
if c.r.remain != c.server.initialReadLimitSize() {
// If we read any bytes off the wire, we're active.
c.setState(c.rwc, StateActive)
}
...
// HTTP cannot have multiple simultaneous active requests.[*]
// Until the server replies to this request, it can't read another,
// so we might as well run the handler in this goroutine.
// [*] Not strictly true: HTTP pipelining. We could let them all process
// in parallel even if their responses need to be serialized.
// But we're not going to implement HTTP pipelining because it
// was never deployed in the wild and the answer is HTTP/2.
serverHandler{c.server}.ServeHTTP(w, w.req)
w.cancelCtx()
if c.hijacked() {
return
}
w.finishRequest()
if !w.shouldReuseConnection() {
if w.requestBodyLimitHit || w.closedRequestBodyEarly() {
c.closeWriteAndWait()
}
return
}
c.setState(c.rwc, StateIdle) // 请求处理结束后,将连接状态置为空闲
c.curReq.Store((*response)(nil))// 将当前请求置为空
...
}
}
当一个连接建立之后,该连接中所有的请求都将在这个协程中进行处理,直到连接被关闭。在 serve() 方法中会循环调用 readRequest() 方法读取下一个请求进行处理,其中最关键的逻辑就是一行代码:
serverHandler{c.server}.ServeHTTP(w, w.req)
进一步解释 serverHandler :
type serverHandler struct {
srv *Server
}
func (sh serverHandler) ServeHTTP(rw ResponseWriter, req *Request) {
handler := sh.srv.Handler
if handler == nil {
handler = DefaultServeMux
}
if req.RequestURI == "*" && req.Method == "OPTIONS" {
handler = globalOptionsHandler{}
}
handler.ServeHTTP(rw, req)
}









