Golang slice切片操作之切片的追加、删除、插入等

2020-01-28 12:37:38王冬梅


func main(){
  var ss=make([]string,10);
  ss=append(ss,"last");
  print("after append",ss)
  
}
---
Running...

[     after append ]  :  length:11  addr:0xc20804c000  isnil:false  content:[     last]

实际上,此时我们应该先用下标为切片元素负值。但是如果我们既想有好的效率,有想继续使用append函数而不想区分是否有空的元素,此时就要请出make的第三个参数,容量,也就是我们通过传递给make,0的大小和足够大的容量数值就行了。


func main(){
  var ss=make([]string,0,10);
  ss=append(ss,"last");
  print("after append",ss)
  
}

---
Running...

[     after append ]  :  length:1  addr:0xc20804a000  isnil:false  content:[last]

三、切片的指针。

1,当我们用append追加元素到切片时,如果容量不够,go就会创建一个新的切片变量,看下面程序的执行结果:


func main() {
  var sa []string
fmt.Printf("addr:%p ttlen:%v content:%vn",sa,len(sa),sa);
  for i:=0;i<10;i++{
    sa=append(sa,fmt.Sprintf("%v",i))
    fmt.Printf("addr:%p ttlen:%v content:%vn",sa,len(sa),sa);
  }
  fmt.Printf("addr:%p ttlen:%v content:%vn",sa,len(sa),sa);

}

---
Running ...
addr:0x0     len:0 content:[]
addr:0x1030e0c8     len:1 content:[0]
addr:0x10328120     len:2 content:[0 1]
addr:0x10322180     len:3 content:[0 1 2]
addr:0x10322180     len:4 content:[0 1 2 3]
addr:0x10342080     len:5 content:[0 1 2 3 4]
addr:0x10342080     len:6 content:[0 1 2 3 4 5]
addr:0x10342080     len:7 content:[0 1 2 3 4 5 6]
addr:0x10342080     len:8 content:[0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7]
addr:0x10324a00     len:9 content:[0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8]
addr:0x10324a00     len:10 content:[0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9]
addr:0x10324a00     len:10 content:[0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9]

//很明显,切片的地址经过了数次改变。

2,如果,在make初始化切片的时候给出了足够的容量,append操作不会创建新的切片:


func main() {
  var sa = make ([]string,0,10);
fmt.Printf("addr:%p ttlen:%v content:%vn",sa,len(sa),sa);
  for i:=0;i<10;i++{
    sa=append(sa,fmt.Sprintf("%v",i))
    fmt.Printf("addr:%p ttlen:%v content:%vn",sa,len(sa),sa);
  }
  fmt.Printf("addr:%p ttlen:%v content:%vn",sa,len(sa),sa);

}

addr:0x10304140     len:0 content:[]
addr:0x10304140     len:1 content:[0]
addr:0x10304140     len:2 content:[0 1]
addr:0x10304140     len:3 content:[0 1 2]
addr:0x10304140     len:4 content:[0 1 2 3]
addr:0x10304140     len:5 content:[0 1 2 3 4]
addr:0x10304140     len:6 content:[0 1 2 3 4 5]
addr:0x10304140     len:7 content:[0 1 2 3 4 5 6]
addr:0x10304140     len:8 content:[0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7]
addr:0x10304140     len:9 content:[0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8]
addr:0x10304140     len:10 content:[0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9]
addr:0x10304140     len:10 content:[0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9]

//可见,切片的地址一直保持不变