iOS中自动实现对象序列化的方法详解

2020-01-20 12:39:34王振洲

前言

在iOS 中实现对象序列化,需要遵行NSCoding协议,然后对对象的每个属性进行归档和接档赋值,响应的操作比较繁琐。本文主要介绍 利用 runtime遍历属性 大大简化代码量,下面来看看详细的介绍吧。

具体实现

1.先建立NSobject的分类, 定义可能用到的相关类型


static NSString *intType  = @"i"; // int_32t(枚举int型)
static NSString *longTpye = @"l"; //long类型
static NSString *longlongType= @"q"; // longlong类型
static NSString *BoolType = @"B"; //bool类型
static NSString *floatType = @"f"; // float
static NSString *doubleType = @"d"; // double
static NSString *boolType = @"c";
static NSString *stringType = @"NSString"; // NSString 类型
static NSString *numberType = @"NSNumber"; // NSNumber 类型
static NSString *arrayType = @"arrayType";//array类型
static NSString *imageType = @"UIImage"; // UIImage 类型

然后在归档方法中便利自身的属性名称,并且取出自身属性对应的值,进行存储到本地。此时遍历类属性本身,用到了Ivar指针(定义对象的实例变量,包括类型和名字),具体代码如下


//归档
- (void)encodeWithCoder:(NSCoder *)aCoder
{
 unsigned int count; // 属性个数
 Ivar *varArray = class_copyIvarList([self class], &count);

 for (int i = 0; i < count; i++)
 {
  Ivar var = varArray[i];
  const char *cName = ivar_getName(var); // 属性名c字符串
  NSString *proName = [[NSString stringWithUTF8String:cName] substringFromIndex:1]; //OC字符串,并且去掉下划线 _
  const char *cType = ivar_getTypeEncoding(var); // 获取变量类型,c字符串

  id value = [self valueForKey:proName];
  NSString *proType = [NSString stringWithUTF8String:cType]; // oc 字符串

  if ([proType containsString:@"NSString"]) {
   proType = stringType;
  }
  if ([proType containsString:@"NSNumber"]) {
   proType = numberType;
  }
  if ([proType containsString:@"NSArray"]) {
   proType = arrayType;
  }
  if ([proType containsString:@"UIImage"]) {
   proType = imageType;
  }

  // (5). 根据类型进行编码
  if ([proType isEqualToString:intType] || [proType isEqualToString:boolType] || [proType isEqualToString:BoolType]) {
   [aCoder encodeInt32:[value intValue] forKey:proName];
  }
  else if ([proType isEqualToString:longTpye]) {
   [aCoder encodeInt64:[value longValue] forKey:proName];
  }
  else if ([proType isEqualToString:floatType]) {
   [aCoder encodeFloat:[value floatValue] forKey:proName];
  }
  else if ([proType isEqualToString:longlongType] || [proType isEqualToString:doubleType]) {
   [aCoder encodeDouble:[value doubleValue] forKey:proName];
  }
  else if ([proType isEqualToString:stringType]) { // string 类型
   [aCoder encodeObject:value forKey:proName];
  }
  else if ([proType isEqualToString:numberType]) {
   [aCoder encodeObject:value forKey:proName];
  }
  else if ([proType isEqualToString:arrayType]) {
   [aCoder encodeObject:value forKey:proName];
  }
  else if ([proType isEqualToString:imageType]) { // image 类型
   [aCoder encodeDataObject:UIImagePNGRepresentation(value)];
  }
 }
 free(varArray);
}