详解iOS多线程之2.NSThread的加锁@synchronized

2020-01-18 17:02:11王振洲

2016-11-04 11:52:26.975 TTTTTTTTTT[6753:74163] 剩余的票数2
2016-11-04 11:52:26.976 TTTTTTTTTT[6753:74163] 当前线程=<NSThread: x608000074540>{number = 4, name = thread2}
2016-11-04 11:52:27.232 TTTTTTTTTT[6753:74164] 剩余的票数1
2016-11-04 11:52:27.233 TTTTTTTTTT[6753:74164] 当前线程=<NSThread: x608000074580>{number = 5, name = thread3}
2016-11-04 11:52:27.505 TTTTTTTTTT[6753:74162] 剩余的票数0
2016-11-04 11:52:27.505 TTTTTTTTTT[6753:74162] 当前线程=<NSThread: x608000073880>{number = 3, name = thread1}
2016-11-04 11:52:27.505 TTTTTTTTTT[6753:74163] 票卖完了
2016-11-04 11:52:27.506 TTTTTTTTTT[6753:74163] 退出线程<NSThread: x608000074540>{number = 4, name = thread2}

我们一般用@synchronized来给线程加锁。它有什么用呢:

(1) 堵塞所在线程,线程里面剩下的任务只有当@synchronized里面的代码执行完毕才能继续往下执行,和队列的同步差不多是一个意思。

(2)当执行@synchronized里面的代码之前,所在线程要先检查是否有其他的线程执行里面的代码。如果没有,才继续往下执行。

再看打印日志里面最后一条,说明了只有线程“thread3”退出了,其他的线程没有退出。

我上篇文章讲,不用管线程的退出,任务执行完线程会自动退出。但是这是一个while循环啊!如果不退出线程,线程会一直执行。


- (void)sellTickets {
  while (1) {
    @synchronized (self) {
      if (self.leftTickets > 0) {
        [NSThread sleepForTimeInterval:0.2];
        int count = self.leftTickets;
        self.leftTickets = count - 1;
        NSLog(@"剩余的票数%d",self.leftTickets);
        NSLog(@"当前线程=%@", [NSThread currentThread]);
      }else {
        NSLog(@"票卖完了");
        NSLog(@"退出线程%@",[NSThread currentThread]);
        // 不让线程退出
        //[NSThread exit];
      }
    }
  }
}

打印的日志

2016-11-04 12:01:53.309 TTTTTTTTTT[7110:78974] 当前线程=<NSThread: x600000076f40>{number = 4, name = thread2}
2016-11-04 12:01:53.556 TTTTTTTTTT[7110:78973] 剩余的票数0
2016-11-04 12:01:53.556 TTTTTTTTTT[7110:78973] 当前线程=<NSThread: x600000076fc0>{number = 3, name = thread1}
2016-11-04 12:01:53.556 TTTTTTTTTT[7110:78975] 票卖完了
2016-11-04 12:01:53.557 TTTTTTTTTT[7110:78975] 退出线程<NSThread: x600000077240>{number = 5, name = thread3}
2016-11-04 12:01:53.558 TTTTTTTTTT[7110:78974] 票卖完了
2016-11-04 12:01:53.559 TTTTTTTTTT[7110:78974] 退出线程<NSThread: x600000076f40>{number = 4, name = thread2}
2016-11-04 12:01:53.560 TTTTTTTTTT[7110:78973] 票卖完了

那又为什么只有线程thread2退出呢?(注:每次退出的线程是不确定的)因为当线程thread2退出了,并没有执行完@synchronized里的方法,线程thread1和线程thread3还在等thread2执行完了,它们好去执行呢。但是线程thread2已经死了,不可能再执行了。这就造成线程thread1和线程thread3一直都在内存里,没有被退出,造成了CPU不必要的开销,所以我们最好不要在@synchronized里面退出线程。