C#正则表达式匹配与替换字符串功能示例

2019-12-30 17:41:35王冬梅

本文实例讲述了C#正则表达式匹配与替换字符串功能。,具体如下:

事例一:w+=>[A-Za-z1-9_],s+=>任何空白字符,()=>捕获      


string text = @"public string testMatchObj string s string match ";
string pat = @"(w+)s+(string)";
// Compile the regular expression.
Regex r = new Regex(pat, RegexOptions.IgnoreCase);
// Match the regular expression pattern against a text string.
Match m = r.Match(text);
int matchCount = 0;
while (m.Success) 
{
 Response.Write("Match"+ (++matchCount) + "<br>");
 for (int i = 1; i <= 2; i++) 
 {
 Group g = m.Groups[i];
 Response.Write("Group"+i+"='" + g + "'" + "<br>");
 CaptureCollection cc = g.Captures;
 for (int j = 0; j < cc.Count; j++) 
 {
  Capture c = cc[j];
  Response.Write("Capture"+j+"='" + c + "', Position="+c.Index + "<br>");
 }
 }
 m = m.NextMatch();
}

该事例运行结果是:

Match1
Group1='public'
Capture0='public', Position=0
Group2='string'
Capture0='string', Position=7
Match2
Group1='testMatchObj'
Capture0='testMatchObj', Position=14
Group2='string'
Capture0='string', Position=27
Match3
Group1='s'
Capture0='s', Position=34
Group2='string'
Capture0='string', Position=36

事例二:


string x = this.txt.Text;
RegexOptions ops = RegexOptions.Multiline;
Regex r = new Regex(@"[(.+?)]", ops); //[(.+?)/]  @"[(.+)](.*?)[/1]"
//Response.Write(r.IsMatch(x).ToString()+DateTime.Now.ToString());
if (r.IsMatch(x))
{
    x = r.Replace(x, "<$1>");
    Response.Write(x.ToString() + DateTime.Now.ToString());
    //Console.WriteLine("var x:" + x);//输出:Live for nothing
}
else
{
    Response.Write("false" + DateTime.Now.ToString());
}

这个是为了替换"[]"对,把它们换成"<>"

C#中的正则表达式包含在.NET基础类库的一个名称空间下,这个名称空间就是System.Text.RegularExpressions。该名称空间包括8个类,1个枚举,1个委托。他们分别是:

Capture: 包含一次匹配的结果;
CaptureCollection: Capture的序列;
Group: 一次组记录的结果,由Capture继承而来;
GroupCollection:表示捕获组的集合
Match: 一次表达式的匹配结果,由Group继承而来;
MatchCollection: Match的一个序列;
MatchEvaluator: 执行替换操作时使用的委托;
Regex:编译后的表达式的实例。
RegexCompilationInfo:提供编译器用于将正则表达式编译为独立程序集的信息