C#6 null 条件运算符

2019-12-30 13:30:16丽君

1. 老版本的代码


 namespace csharp6
 {
  internal class Person
  {
   public string Name { get; set; }
  }
 
  internal class Program
  {
   private static void Main()
   {
   Person person = null;
   string name = null;
   if (person != null)
   {
    name = person.Name;
   }
  }
 }
 }

 在我们使用一个对象的属性的时候,有时候第一步需要做的事情是先判断这个对象本身是不是bull,不然的话你可能会得到一个System.NullReferenceException 的异常。虽然有时候我们可以使用三元运算符string name = person != null ? person.Name : null;来简化代码,但是这种书写方式还是不够简单......由于null值检测时编程中非常常用的一种编码行为,so,C#6为我们带来了一种更为简化的方式。

2. null条件运算符


 namespace csharp6
 {
  internal class Person
  {
   public string Name { get; set; }
  }
 
  internal class Program
  {
   private static void Main()
   {
    Person person = null;
   string name = person?.Name;
  }
  }
 }

从上面我们可以看出,使用?. 这种方式可以代替if判断和简化三元运算符的使用,简洁到不能再简洁了吧。按照惯例,上两份IL代码对比对比。

老版本的IL代码:


.method private hidebysig static void Main() cil managed
 {
 .entrypoint
 // Code size  23 (0x17)
 .maxstack 2
 .locals init ([0] class csharp6.Person person,
    [1] string name,
    [2] bool V_2)
 IL_0000: nop
 IL_0001: ldnull
 IL_0002: stloc.0
 IL_0003: ldnull
 IL_0004: stloc.1
 IL_0005: ldloc.0
 IL_0006: ldnull
 IL_0007: cgt.un
 IL_0009: stloc.2
 IL_000a: ldloc.2
 IL_000b: brfalse.s IL_0016
 IL_000d: nop
 IL_000e: ldloc.0
 IL_000f: callvirt instance string csharp6.Person::get_Name()
 IL_0014: stloc.1
 IL_0015: nop
 IL_0016: ret
 } // end of method Program::Main

if版的IL

新语法的IL:


.method private hidebysig static void Main() cil managed
 {
 .entrypoint
 // Code size  17 (0x11)
 .maxstack 1
 .locals init ([0] class csharp6.Person person,
    [1] string name)
 IL_0000: nop
 IL_0001: ldnull
 IL_0002: stloc.0
 IL_0003: ldloc.0
 IL_0004: brtrue.s IL_0009
 IL_0006: ldnull
 IL_0007: br.s  IL_000f
 IL_0009: ldloc.0
 IL_000a: call  instance string csharp6.Person::get_Name()
 IL_000f: stloc.1
 IL_0010: ret
 } // end of method Program::Main

null条件运算符版的IL

咦,貌似有很大不一样,我们再来一份三元运算符版的IL看看:


 .method private hidebysig static void Main() cil managed
 {
 .entrypoint
 // Code size  17 (0x11)
 .maxstack 1
 .locals init ([0] class csharp6.Person person,
    [1] string name)
 IL_0000: nop
 IL_0001: ldnull
 IL_0002: stloc.0
 IL_0003: ldloc.0
 IL_0004: brtrue.s IL_0009
 IL_0006: ldnull
 IL_0007: br.s  IL_000f
 IL_0009: ldloc.0
 IL_000a: callvirt instance string csharp6.Person::get_Name()
 IL_000f: stloc.1
 IL_0010: ret
 } // end of method Program::Main