C# XML序列化方法及常用特性总结分析

2019-12-30 12:51:37刘景俊

3. 详细举例说明

这里用简单的城市,区域和街区作为例子,具体示范一下上面的规则。


[XmlRootAttribute("MyCity", Namespace = "abc.abc", IsNullable = false)]
public class City
{
  [XmlAttribute("CityName")]
  public string Name
  {
    get;
    set;
  }
  [XmlAttribute("CityId")]
  public string Id
  {
    get;
    set;
  }
  [XmlArrayAttribute("Areas")]
  public Area[] Areas
  {
    get;
    set;
  }
}
[XmlRootAttribute("MyArea")]
public class Area
{
  [XmlAttribute("AreaName")]
  public string Name
  {
    get;
    set;
  }
  [XmlElementAttribute("AreaId", IsNullable = false)]
  public string Id
  {
    get;
    set;
  }
  [XmlElementAttribute("Street", IsNullable = false)]
  public string[] Streets
  {
    get;
    set;
  }
}

根据以上类型,我们mock一些数据,然后用步骤1给出的Util方法输出:


static void Main(string[] args)
{
  Area area1 = new Area();
  area1.Name = "Pudong";
  area1.Id = "PD001";
  area1.Streets = new string [] { "street 001", "street 002" };
  Area area2 = new Area();
  area2.Name = "Xuhui";
  area2.Id = "XH002";
  area2.Streets = new string [] { "street 003", "street 004" };
  City city1 = new City();
  city1.Name = "Shanghai";
  city1.Id = "SH001";
  city1.Areas = new Area[] { area1, area2 };
  XmlSerializer.SaveToXml(@"C:tempXMLoutput003.xml", city1);
}

最终输出的XML为:


<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<MyCity xmlns:xsi="http://www.easck.com/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:xsd="http://www.easck.com/2001/XMLSchema"
CityName="Shanghai" CityId="SH001" xmlns="abc.abc">
 <Areas>
  <Area AreaName="Pudong">
   <AreaId>PD001</AreaId>
   <Street>street 001</Street>
   <Street>street 002</Street>
  </Area>
  <Area AreaName="Xuhui">
   <AreaId>XH002</AreaId>
   <Street>street 003</Street>
   <Street>street 004</Street>
  </Area>
 </Areas>
</MyCity>

下面我们开始具体分析结果,其中包含一些很有用的结论和注意事项:

1. xml的版本,编码,以及命名空间xmlns:xsi,xmlns:xsd为Framework自动添加。
2. 因为我们用City对象作为根节点,所以根节点名称为我们定义的"MyCity"。
但是,注意!这里指的是用City自身直接做根节点,如果是City集合比如City[],此时,该名称失效,系统会自动生成名称ArrayOfCity作为根节点名称(ArrayOf+类名),或者我们手动指定名称,这个就是在给大家的SaveToXml()方法中,参数xmlRootName的作用。