Nginx服务器基本的模块配置和使用全攻略

当前nginx支持的几个指令上下文：

2.1 通用
下面的nginx.conf简单的实现nginx在前端做反向代理服务器的例子，处理js、png等静态文件，jsp等动态请求转发到其它服务器tomcat：

user www www;
worker_processes 2;

error_log logs/error.log;
#error_log logs/error.log notice;
#error_log logs/error.log info;

pid    logs/nginx.pid;


events {
  use epoll;
  worker_connections 2048;
}


http {
  include    mime.types;
  default_type application/octet-stream;

  #log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
  #         '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
  #         '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';

  #access_log logs/access.log main;

  sendfile    on;
  # tcp_nopush   on;

  keepalive_timeout 65;

 # gzip压缩功能设置
  gzip on;
  gzip_min_length 1k;
  gzip_buffers  4 16k;
  gzip_http_version 1.0;
  gzip_comp_level 6;
  gzip_types text/html text/plain text/css text/javascript application/json application/javascript application/x-javascript application/xml;
  gzip_vary on;
 
 # http_proxy 设置
  client_max_body_size  10m;
  client_body_buffer_size  128k;
  proxy_connect_timeout  75;
  proxy_send_timeout  75;
  proxy_read_timeout  75;
  proxy_buffer_size  4k;
  proxy_buffers  4 32k;
  proxy_busy_buffers_size  64k;
  proxy_temp_file_write_size 64k;
  proxy_temp_path  /usr/local/nginx/proxy_temp 1 2;

 # 设定负载均衡后台服务器列表 
  upstream backend { 
       #ip_hash; 
       server  192.168.10.100:8080 max_fails=2 fail_timeout=30s ; 
       server  192.168.10.101:8080 max_fails=2 fail_timeout=30s ; 
  }

 # 很重要的虚拟主机配置
  server {
    listen    80;
    server_name itoatest.example.com;
    root  /apps/oaapp;

    charset utf-8;
    access_log logs/host.access.log main;

    #对 / 所有做负载均衡+反向代理
    location / {
      root  /apps/oaapp;
      index index.jsp index.html index.htm;

      proxy_pass    http://backend; 
      proxy_redirect off;
      # 后端的Web服务器可以通过X-Forwarded-For获取用户真实IP
      proxy_set_header Host $host;
      proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr; 
      proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
      proxy_next_upstream error timeout invalid_header http_500 http_502 http_503 http_504;
      
    }

    #静态文件，nginx自己处理，不去backend请求tomcat
    location ~* /download/ { 
      root /apps/oa/fs; 
      
    }
    location ~ .*.(gif|jpg|jpeg|bmp|png|ico|txt|js|css)$  
    {  
      root /apps/oaapp;  
      expires   7d; 
    }
    location /nginx_status {
      stub_status on;
      access_log off;
      allow 192.168.10.0/24;
      deny all;
    }

    location ~ ^/(WEB-INF)/ {  
      deny all;  
    }
    #error_page 404       /404.html;

    # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
    #
    error_page  500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
    location = /50x.html {
      root  html;
    }
  }

 ## 其它虚拟主机，server 指令开始
}

								 
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