nginx+tomcat实现负载均衡,使用redis session共享

2019-10-17 19:13:53王振洲

环境准备

1、准备一台nginx服务器 ip192.168.1.133 端口81

安装过程:

#首先安装依赖:
yum -y install gcc-c++ 
yum -y install pcre pcre-devel 
yum -y install zlib zlib-devel 
yum -y install openssl openssl—devel
#注意 : 安装nginx必须使用 root 用户安装
#创建一个nginx目录
mkdir /usr/local/src/nginx
#进入到nginx目录
cd /usr/local/src/nginx
#下载或上传安装包
wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx.tar.gz 或 rz上传
#解压安装包
tar -xvf nginx.tar.gz
#进入到解压后的目录
cd nginx
# 下面 才开始正式安装
#把nginx安装到指定用户的目录
mkdir -p /ucenter/soft/nginx
#安装配置 prefix为安装目录 user为用户 group为 组
./configure --prefix=/ucenter/soft/nginx --user=ucenter --group=ucenter
#编译
make 
#安装
make install
#在linux系统中由于非root用户不能占用80端口,所以需要使普通用户以root身份启动nginx。 
cd /ucenter/soft/nginx/sbin
#把soft文件下所有的文件所属者修改为ucener -R 表示递归
chown ucenter:ucenter ./soft/ -R
#修改 ./nginx 的所属为root
chown root nginx
#让普通用户可以使用80端口,可以使用root权限启用nginx
chmod u+s nginx
#修改配置文件 在修改配置文件之前 ,要备份该文件
cd conf/
# 要注意nginx 的工作进程,一般根据cpu的核数去修改
vim nginx.conf
#关闭防火墙,打开80端口
service iptables stop
#启动nginx
./nginx
#重启nginx
./nginx -s reload
#关闭nginx
./nginx -s stop

准备一台tomcat服务器,先准备java环境,安装jdk步骤省略

然后分别安装3个tomcat 服务器ip地址:192.168.1.143,tomcat1 8080端口,tomcat2 8081端口,tomcat3 8082端口。

apache-tomcat-7.0.64/conf/server.xml配置文件修改这三个地方,这样端口就不会冲突

<Server port="8005" shutdown="SHUTDOWN">
<Connector port="8080" protocol="HTTP/1.1"
connectionTimeout="20000"
redirectPort="8443" />
<Connector port="8009" protocol="AJP/1.3" redirectPort="8443" />

修改tomcat ROOT目录下index.jsp,分别增加每个tomcat的标识,以及在页面上显示session ID

<%--
Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with
this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
(the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at

 http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0

Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
limitations under the License.
--%>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<%@ page session="true" %>
<%
java.text.SimpleDateFormat sdf = new java.text.SimpleDateFormat("yyyy");
request.setAttribute("year", sdf.format(new java.util.Date()));
request.setAttribute("tomcatUrl", "http://tomcat.apache.org/");
request.setAttribute("tomcatDocUrl", "/docs/");
request.setAttribute("tomcatExamplesUrl", "/examples/");
%>
<html lang="en">
 <head>
  <title><%=request.getServletContext().getServerInfo() %></title>
  <link href="favicon.ico" rel="icon" type="image/x-icon" />
  <link href="favicon.ico" rel="shortcut icon" type="image/x-icon" />
  <link href="tomcat.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" />
 </head>

 <body>
  <div id="wrapper">
   <div id="navigation" class="curved container">
    <span id="nav-home"><a href="${tomcatUrl}">Home--<%=request.getSession().getId() %></a></span>
    <span id="nav-hosts"><a href="${tomcatDocUrl}">Documentation</a></span>
    <span id="nav-config"><a href="${tomcatDocUrl}config/">Configuration</a></span>
    <span id="nav-examples"><a href="${tomcatExamplesUrl}">Examples</a></span>
    <span id="nav-wiki"><a href="http://wiki.apache.org/tomcat/FrontPage">Wiki</a></span>
    <span id="nav-lists"><a href="${tomcatUrl}lists.html">Mailing Lists</a></span>
    <span id="nav-help"><a href="${tomcatUrl}findhelp.html">Find Help</a></span>
    <br class="separator" />
   </div>
   <div id="asf-box">
    <h1>${pageContext.servletContext.serverInfo}--8080</h1>
   </div>
   <div id="upper" class="curved container">
    <div id="congrats" class="curved container">
     <h2>If you're seeing this, you've successfully installed Tomcat. Congratulations!</h2>
    </div>
    <div id="notice">
     <img src="tomcat.png" alt="[tomcat logo]" />
     <div id="tasks">
      <h3>Recommended Reading:</h3>
      <h4><a href="${tomcatDocUrl}security-howto.html">Security Considerations HOW-TO</a></h4>
      <h4><a href="${tomcatDocUrl}manager-howto.html">Manager Application HOW-TO</a></h4>
      <h4><a href="${tomcatDocUrl}cluster-howto.html">Clustering/Session Replication HOW-TO</a></h4>
     </div>
    </div>
    <div id="actions">
     <div class="button">
      <a class="container shadow" href="/manager/status"><span>Server Status</span></a>
     </div>
     <div class="button">
      <a class="container shadow" href="/manager/html"><span>Manager App</span></a>
     </div>
     <div class="button">
      <a class="container shadow" href="/host-manager/html"><span>Host Manager</span></a>
     </div>
    </div>
    <!--
    <br class="separator" />
    -->
    <br class="separator" />
   </div>
   <div id="middle" class="curved container">
    <h3>Developer Quick Start</h3>
    <div class="col25">
     <div class="container">
      <p><a href="${tomcatDocUrl}setup.html">Tomcat Setup</a></p>
      <p><a href="${tomcatDocUrl}appdev/">First Web Application</a></p>
     </div>
    </div>
    <div class="col25">
     <div class="container">
      <p><a href="${tomcatDocUrl}realm-howto.html">Realms & AAA</a></p>
      <p><a href="${tomcatDocUrl}jndi-datasource-examples-howto.html">JDBC DataSources</a></p>
     </div>
    </div>
    <div class="col25">
     <div class="container">
      <p><a href="${tomcatExamplesUrl}">Examples</a></p>
     </div>
    </div>
    <div class="col25">
     <div class="container">
      <p><a href="http://wiki.apache.org/tomcat/Specifications">Servlet Specifications</a></p>
      <p><a href="http://wiki.apache.org/tomcat/TomcatVersions">Tomcat Versions</a></p>
     </div>
    </div>
    <br class="separator" />
   </div>
   <div id="lower">
    <div id="low-manage" class="">
     <div class="curved container">
      <h3>Managing Tomcat</h3>
      <p>For security, access to the <a href="/manager/html">manager webapp</a> is restricted.
      Users are defined in:</p>
      <pre>$CATALINA_HOME/conf/tomcat-users.xml</pre>
      <p>In Tomcat 7.0 access to the manager application is split between
       different users.   <a href="${tomcatDocUrl}manager-howto.html">Read more...</a></p>
      <br />
      <h4><a href="${tomcatDocUrl}RELEASE-NOTES.txt">Release Notes</a></h4>
      <h4><a href="${tomcatDocUrl}changelog.html">Changelog</a></h4>
      <h4><a href="${tomcatUrl}migration.html">Migration Guide</a></h4>
      <h4><a href="${tomcatUrl}security.html">Security Notices</a></h4>
     </div>
    </div>
    <div id="low-docs" class="">
     <div class="curved container">
      <h3>Documentation</h3>
      <h4><a href="${tomcatDocUrl}">Tomcat 7.0 Documentation</a></h4>
      <h4><a href="${tomcatDocUrl}config/">Tomcat 7.0 Configuration</a></h4>
      <h4><a href="http://wiki.apache.org/tomcat/FrontPage">Tomcat Wiki</a></h4>
      <p>Find additional important configuration information in:</p>
      <pre>$CATALINA_HOME/RUNNING.txt</pre>
      <p>Developers may be interested in:</p>
      <ul>
       <li><a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/bugreport.html">Tomcat 7.0 Bug Database</a></li>
       <li><a href="${tomcatDocUrl}api/index.html">Tomcat 7.0 JavaDocs</a></li>
       <li><a href="http://svn.apache.org/repos/asf/tomcat/tc7.0.x/">Tomcat 7.0 SVN Repository</a></li>
      </ul>
     </div>
    </div>
    <div id="low-help" class="">
     <div class="curved container">
      <h3>Getting Help</h3>
      <h4><a href="${tomcatUrl}faq/">FAQ</a> and <a href="${tomcatUrl}lists.html">Mailing Lists</a></h4>
      <p>The following mailing lists are available:</p>
      <ul>
       <li id="list-announce"><strong><a href="${tomcatUrl}lists.html#tomcat-announce">tomcat-announce</a><br />
        Important announcements, releases, security vulnerability notifications. (Low volume).</strong>
       </li>
       <li><a href="${tomcatUrl}lists.html#tomcat-users">tomcat-users</a><br />
        User support and discussion
       </li>
       <li><a href="${tomcatUrl}lists.html#taglibs-user">taglibs-user</a><br />
        User support and discussion for <a href="${tomcatUrl}taglibs/">Apache Taglibs</a>
       </li>
       <li><a href="${tomcatUrl}lists.html#tomcat-dev">tomcat-dev</a><br />
        Development mailing list, including commit messages
       </li>
      </ul>
     </div>
    </div>
    <br class="separator" />
   </div>
   <div id="footer" class="curved container">
    <div class="col20">
     <div class="container">
      <h4>Other Downloads</h4>
      <ul>
       <li><a href="${tomcatUrl}download-connectors.cgi">Tomcat Connectors</a></li>
       <li><a href="${tomcatUrl}download-native.cgi">Tomcat Native</a></li>
       <li><a href="${tomcatUrl}taglibs/">Taglibs</a></li>
       <li><a href="${tomcatDocUrl}deployer-howto.html">Deployer</a></li>
      </ul>
     </div>
    </div>
    <div class="col20">
     <div class="container">
      <h4>Other Documentation</h4>
      <ul>
       <li><a href="${tomcatUrl}connectors-doc/">Tomcat Connectors</a></li>
       <li><a href="${tomcatUrl}connectors-doc/">mod_jk Documentation</a></li>
       <li><a href="${tomcatUrl}native-doc/">Tomcat Native</a></li>
       <li><a href="${tomcatDocUrl}deployer-howto.html">Deployer</a></li>
      </ul>
     </div>
    </div>
    <div class="col20">
     <div class="container">
      <h4>Get Involved</h4>
      <ul>
       <li><a href="${tomcatUrl}getinvolved.html">Overview</a></li>
       <li><a href="${tomcatUrl}svn.html">SVN Repositories</a></li>
       <li><a href="${tomcatUrl}lists.html">Mailing Lists</a></li>
       <li><a href="http://wiki.apache.org/tomcat/FrontPage">Wiki</a></li>
      </ul>
     </div>
    </div>
    <div class="col20">
     <div class="container">
      <h4>Miscellaneous</h4>
      <ul>
       <li><a href="${tomcatUrl}contact.html">Contact</a></li>
       <li><a href="${tomcatUrl}legal.html">Legal</a></li>
       <li><a href="http://www.apache.org/foundation/sponsorship.html">Sponsorship</a></li>
       <li><a href="http://www.apache.org/foundation/thanks.html">Thanks</a></li>
      </ul>
     </div>
    </div>
    <div class="col20">
     <div class="container">
      <h4>Apache Software Foundation</h4>
      <ul>
       <li><a href="${tomcatUrl}whoweare.html">Who We Are</a></li>
       <li><a href="${tomcatUrl}heritage.html">Heritage</a></li>
       <li><a href="http://www.apache.org">Apache Home</a></li>
       <li><a href="${tomcatUrl}resources.html">Resources</a></li>
      </ul>
     </div>
    </div>
    <br class="separator" />
   </div>
   <p class="copyright">Copyright ©1999-${year} Apache Software Foundation. All Rights Reserved</p>
  </div>
 </body>

</html>