利用Nginx实现反向代理Node.js的方法详解

前言

公司有项目前端是用node.js进行服务器渲染，然后再返回给浏览器，进而解决单页面的SEO问题。项目部署的时候，使用Nginx反向代理Node.js。具体的步骤如下：

（Nginx、Node.js的安装和基本配置直接跳过）

首先我们要在nginx.cnf文件中的http节点打开下面的配置：

http {
 log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
   '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
   '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';

 access_log /var/log/nginx/access.log main;

 sendfile  on;
 tcp_nopush  on;
 tcp_nodelay  on;
 keepalive_timeout 65;
 types_hash_max_size 2048;

 include  /etc/nginx/mime.types;
 default_type application/octet-stream;

 # 打开这一行的配置
 include /etc/nginx/conf.d/*.conf;
}

然后每个域名的配置文件就放到这个目录/etc/nginx/conf.d/下，文件后缀以conf结束。

第一种方式，这种简单：

server {
 listen 80 ;
 server_name localhost;
 root /xxx/xxx/hxxydexx/;
 
 #set $my_server_name $scheme://$server_name; 

 #if ( $my_server_name != https://$server_name ) {
 # rewrite ^ https://$server_name$request_uri? permanent;
 #}
 
 error_log /var/log/nginx/hyde_error.log error;
 access_log /var/log/nginx/hyde_accss.log main;
 
 location / {
 proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
 proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
 proxy_set_header Host $http_host;
 proxy_set_header X-Nginx-Proxy true;
 proxy_http_version 1.1;
 proxy_set_header Connection "";
 
 # 不需要考虑到负载的，就无需配置upstream节点。
 proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:3000;
 }
 
 error_page 404 /404.html;
 location = /xxx/xxx/40x.html {
 }

 error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
 location = /xxx/xxx/50x.html {
 }
}

2.第二种方式，考虑到负载

upstream node {
 server 127.0.0.1:3000; 
}
server {
 listen 80 ;
 server_name localhost;
 root /xxx/xxx/hxxydexx/;
 
 #set $my_server_name $scheme://$server_name; 

 #if ( $my_server_name != https://$server_name ) {
 # rewrite ^ https://$server_name$request_uri? permanent;
 #}
 
 error_log /var/log/nginx/hyde_error.log error;
 access_log /var/log/nginx/hyde_accss.log main;
 
 location / {
 proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
 proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
 proxy_set_header Host $http_host;
 proxy_set_header X-Nginx-Proxy true;
 proxy_http_version 1.1;
 proxy_set_header Connection "";
 
 # 配置upstream节点
 proxy_pass http://node;
 }
 
 error_page 404 /404.html;
 location = /xxx/xxx/40x.html {
 }

 error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
 location = /xxx/xxx/50x.html {
 }
}

然后重启或者重新载入nginx的配置文件即可。命令如下：

#检查nginx配置文件中语法是否正确
nginx -t

#重启nginx
service nginx restart

#重载配置文件
nginx -s reload 								 
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