Python中的二叉树查找算法模块使用指南

2019-10-06 12:49:04王冬梅

  
- 根据key删除某个key-value: .__delitem__(key), O(log(n))

看例子:

>>> btree
  BinaryTree({2: 'phone', 5: 'tea', 7: 'computer', 9: 'scree', 'Tom': 'headmaster', 'blog': 'http://blog.csdn.net/qiwsir'})
  >>> btree.__delitem__(5)    #删除key=5的key-value,即:5:'tea' 被删除.
  >>> btree
  BinaryTree({2: 'phone', 7: 'computer', 9: 'scree', 'Tom': 'headmaster', 'blog': 'http://blog.csdn.net/qiwsir'})

- 根据key值得到该kye的value: .__getitem__(key)

看例子:

>>> btree
 BinaryTree({2: 'phone', 7: 'computer', 9: 'scree', 'Tom': 'headmaster', 'blog': 'http://blog.csdn.net/qiwsir'})
 >>> btree.__getitem__("blog")
 'http://blog.csdn.net/qiwsir'
 >>> btree.__getitem__(7)
 'computer'
 >>> btree._getitem__(5)  #在btree中没有key=5,于是报错。
 Traceback (most recent call last):
 File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
 AttributeError: 'BinaryTree' object has no attribute '_getitem__'

- 迭代器: .__iter__()

看例子:

>>> btree 
 BinaryTree({2: 'phone', 7: 'computer', 9: 'scree', 'Tom': 'headmaster', 'blog': 'http://blog.csdn.net/qiwsir'})
 >>> aiter = btree.__iter__()
 >>> aiter
 <generator object <genexpr> at 0xb7416dec>
 >>> aiter.next() #注意:next()一个之后,该值从list中删除
 2
 >>> aiter.next()
 7
 >>> list(aiter)
 [9, 'Tom', 'blog']
 >>> list(aiter)  #结果是空
 []
 >>> bool(aiter)  #but,is True
 True

- 树的数据长度: .__len__(),返回btree的长度。O(1)

看例子:

>>> btree
  BinaryTree({2: 'phone', 7: 'computer', 9: 'scree', 'Tom': 'headmaster', 'blog': 'http://blog.csdn.net/qiwsir'})
  >>> btree.__len__()
  5

- 找出key最大的k-v对: .__max__(),按照key排列,返回key最大的键值对。


- 找出key最小的键值对: .__min__()

看例子:

>>> btree
 BinaryTree({2: 'phone', 7: 'computer', 9: 'scree'})
 >>> btree.__max__()
 (9, 'scree')
 >>> btree.__min__()
 (2, 'phone')

- 两棵树的关系运算

看例子:

>>> other = [(3,'//www.jb51.net'),(7,'qiwsir')]
 >>> bother = BinaryTree()  #再建一个树
 >>> bother.update(other) #加入数据

 >>> bother
 BinaryTree({3: '//www.jb51.net', 7: 'qiwsir'})
 >>> btree
 BinaryTree({2: 'phone', 7: 'computer', 9: 'scree'})
 
 >>> btree.__and__(bother)  #重叠部分部分
 BinaryTree({7: 'computer'})

 >>> btree.__or__(bother) #全部
 BinaryTree({2: 'phone', 3: '//www.jb51.net, 7: 'computer', 9: 'scree'})

 >>> btree.__sub__(bother)  #btree不与bother重叠的部分
 BinaryTree({2: 'phone', 9: 'scree'})
 
 >>> btree.__xor__(bother)  #两者非重叠部分
 BinaryTree({2: 'phone', 3: '//www.jb51.net, 9: 'scree'})