Python Socket编程入门教程

2019-10-06 12:09:07于海丽

HOST = '' # Symbolic name meaning all available interfaces
PORT = 8888 # Arbitrary non-privileged port

s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
print 'Socket created'

try:
    s.bind((HOST, PORT))
except socket.error , msg:
    print 'Bind failed. Error Code : ' + str(msg[0]) + ' Message ' + msg[1]
    sys.exit()
   
print 'Socket bind complete'

s.listen(10)
print 'Socket now listening'

#now keep talking with the client
while 1:
    #wait to accept a connection - blocking call
    conn, addr = s.accept()
    print 'Connected with ' + addr[0] + ':' + str(addr[1])
   
    data = conn.recv(1024)
    reply = 'OK...' + data
    if not data:
        break
   
    conn.sendall(reply)

conn.close()
s.close()

很简单只是加多一个 while 1 语句而已。
继续运行服务器,然后打开另外三个命令行窗口。每个窗口都使用 telnet 命令连接到服务器:
$ telnet localhost 5000
Trying 127.0.0.1...
Connected to localhost.
Escape character is '^]'.
happy
OK .. happy
Connection closed by foreign host.
服务器所在的终端窗口显示的是:
$ python server.py
Socket created
Socket bind complete
Socket now listening
Connected with 127.0.0.1:60225
Connected with 127.0.0.1:60237
Connected with 127.0.0.1:60239
你看服务器再也不退出了,好吧,用 Ctrl+C 关闭服务器,所有的 telnet 终端将会显示 "Connection closed by foreign host."
已经很不错了,但是这样的通讯效率太低了,服务器程序使用循环来接受连接并发送回应,这相当于是一次最多处理一个客户端的请求,而我们要求服务器可同时处理多个请求。

处理多个连接

为了处理多个连接,我们需要一个独立的处理代码在主服务器接收到连接时运行。一种方法是使用线程,服务器接收到连接然后创建一个线程来处理连接收发数据,然后主服务器程序返回去接收新的连接。
下面是我们使用线程来处理连接请求:
import socket
import sys
from thread import *

HOST = '' # Symbolic name meaning all available interfaces
PORT = 8888 # Arbitrary non-privileged port

s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
print 'Socket created'

#Bind socket to local host and port
try:
    s.bind((HOST, PORT))
except socket.error , msg:
    print 'Bind failed. Error Code : ' + str(msg[0]) + ' Message ' + msg[1]