对于自动化运维，诸如备份恢复之类的，DBA经常需要将SQL语句封装到shell脚本。本文描述了在Linux环境下mysql数据库中，shell脚本下调用sql语句的几种方法，供大家参考。对于脚本输出的结果美化，需要进一步完善和调整。以下为具体的示例及其方法。
1、将SQL语句直接嵌入到shell脚本文件中
--演示环境
[root@SZDB ~]# more /etc/issue
CentOS release 5.9 (Final)
Kernel r on an m
root@localhost[(none)]> show variables like 'version';
+---------------+------------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+---------------+------------+
| version | 5.6.12-log |
+---------------+------------+
[root@SZDB ~]# more shell_call_sql1.sh
#!/bin/bash
# Define log
TIMESTAMP=`date +%Y%m%d%H%M%S`
LOG=call_sql_${TIMESTAMP}.log
echo "Start execute sql statement at `date`." >>${LOG}
# execute sql stat
mysql -uroot -p123456 -e "
tee /tmp/temp.log
drop database if exists tempdb;
create database tempdb;
use tempdb
create table if not exists tb_tmp(id smallint,val varchar(20));
insert into tb_tmp values (1,'jack'),(2,'robin'),(3,'mark');
select * from tb_tmp;
notee
quit"
echo -e "n">>${LOG}
echo "below is output result.">>${LOG}
cat /tmp/temp.log>>${LOG}
echo "script executed successful.">>${LOG}
exit;
[root@SZDB ~]# ./shell_call_sql1.sh
Logging to file '/tmp/temp.log'
+------+-------+
| id | val |
+------+-------+
| 1 | jack |
| 2 | robin |
| 3 | mark |
+------+-------+
Outfile disabled.
2、命令行调用单独的SQL文件
[root@SZDB ~]# more temp.sql
tee /tmp/temp.log
drop database if exists tempdb;
create database tempdb;
use tempdb
create table if not exists tb_tmp(id smallint,val varchar(20));
insert into tb_tmp values (1,'jack'),(2,'robin'),(3,'mark');
select * from tb_tmp;
notee
[root@SZDB ~]# mysql -uroot -p123456 -e "source /root/temp.sql"
Logging to file '/tmp/temp.log'
+------+-------+
| id | val |
+------+-------+
| 1 | jack |
