很实用的Linux 系统运维常用命令及常识(超实用)

2019-09-23 09:17:29丽君

mysql rpm 安装
到http://www.mysql.com/downloads/mysql 下载mysql RPM(service 和client),
MySQL-server-community-5.1.51-1.rhel5.i386.rpm 安装服务端
MySQL-client-community-5.1.51-1.rhel5.i386.rpm 安装客户端
MySQL-devel-community-5.1.51-1.rhel5.i386.rpm 用于php 的mysql 安装
rpm –ivh MySQL-server-community-5.1.51-1.rhel5.i386.rpm
rpm –ivh MySQL-client-community-5.1.51-1.rhel5.i386.rpm
rpm –ivh MySQL-devel-community-5.1.51-1.rhel5.i386.rpm
/etc/init.d/mysqld start
mysqladmin -u root password 'xuesong'
mysql -u root -S /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock -p
数据目录/var/lib/mysql
chkconfig --list |grep mysqld
chkconfig --level 3 mysqld on
配置文件(日志pid)
/etc/my.cnf
ll /usr/bin/mysql*
##################################
mysql 常用命令
启动mysql 服务
./mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --user=mysql &
登录mysql 的命令
格式: mysql -h 主机地址-u 用户名-p 用户密码
mysql -h110.110.110.110 -P3306 -uroot -p
mysql -uroot -p -S /data1/mysql5/data/mysql.sock -A --default-character-set=GBK
刷新
flush privileges;
显示所有数据库
show databases;
打开数据库
use dbname;
显示选中数据库中所有的表
show tables;
查看表结构
desc tables;
删除数据库
drop database name;
删除表
drop table name;
创建数据库
create database name;
mysqladmin -h myhost -u root -p create dbname
创建表
create table ka(ka_id varchar(6),qianshu int);
插入字段
alter table name add column accountid(列名) int(11) NOT NULL(字段不为空);
不登陆mysql 插入字段
mysql -uroot -p -S mysql.sock -e "use db;alter table gift add column accountid int(11) NOT
NULL;flush privileges;"
查询
select 列名称from 表名称;
select host,user,password from user;
备份数据库
mysqldump -h host -u root -p dbname >dbname_backup.sql
mysqlhotcopy 只能备份MyISAM 引擎
/bin/mysqlhotcopy -u root -p
还原数据库
mysql -h host -u root -p dbname < dbname_backup.sql
登陆mysql 后还原sql 文件
source 路径.sql
赋予查询权限(没有用户,直接创建)
grant select on db.* to log@"%" Identified by "123456";
赋予所有权限(没有用户,直接创建)
grant all privileges on db.* to log@"IP" identified by '123456' with grant option;
更改密码
update user set password=password('新密码') where user='root'
mysqladmin -u root password 'xuesong'
mysql 查看所有用户的语句
select user();
删除用户
delete from user where user='sss' and host='localhost' ;
查看主从
show slave statusG;
查看主从复制进程
show processlist;
添加索引解决停mysql 速度慢
ALTER TABLE player ADD INDEX weekcredit_faction_index (weekcredit, faction);