浅谈php中urlencode与rawurlencode的区别

2.  减号、点号、下划线  三个不编码
3. rawurlencode比urlencode多编码一个”加号“

关于JavaScript中escape与encodeURIComponent的区别：

>>> console.log(encodeURIComponent("统一注册1"));

%E7%BB%9F%E4%B8%80%E6%B3%A8%E5%86%8C1
>>> console.log(escape("统一注册1"));
%u7EDF%u4E00%u6CE8%u518C1

<?php
echo iconv("utf-8","gbk",urldecode("%E7%BB%9F%E4%B8%80%E6%B3%A8%E5%86%8C1")); 
echo "n"; 
echo urldecode("%u7EDF%u4E00%u6CE8%u518C1"); 
// 使用下面的unescape可以
//echo iconv("utf-8","gbk",unescape("%u7EDF%u4E00%u6CE8%u518C1"); 
exit;
?>

输出结果：
======================================
统一注册1
%u7EDF%u4E00%u6CE8%u518C1
======================================

结果说明：

1. encodeURIComponent 总是把输入转换成utf8编码处理的，按字节编码

2. escape是按照unicode编码处理的，因为它也对url中不安全的字符做了编码，所以也可以在url中做编码使用，但是，服务器端不会自动解码，下面提供一个PHP版的解码函数，是用手册里找的：

<?php

function unescape($str) { 
  $str = rawurldecode($str); 
  preg_match_all("/(?:%u.{4})|&#x.{4};|&#d+;|.+/U",$str,$r); 
  $ar = $r[0]; 
  foreach($ar as $k=>$v) { 
    if(substr($v,0,2) == "%u") 
      $ar[$k] = iconv("UCS-2","UTF-8",pack("H4",substr($v,-4))); 
    elseif(substr($v,0,3) == "&#x") 
      $ar[$k] = iconv("UCS-2","UTF-8",pack("H4",substr($v,3,-1))); 
    elseif(substr($v,0,2) == "&#") { 
      $ar[$k] = iconv("UCS-2","UTF-8",pack("n",substr($v,2,-1))); 
    } 
  } 
  return join("",$ar); 
}

?>

 

>>> console.log(escape(" !"#$%&'()*+,-./0123456789:;=>?@ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ[]^_abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz{|}~"));
%20%21%22%23%24%25%26%27%28%29*+%2C-./0123456789%3A%3B%3C%3D%3E%3F@ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ%5B%5D%5E_%60abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz%7B%7C%7D%7E
>>> console.log(encodeURIComponent("!"#$%&'()*+,-./0123456789:;<=>?@ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ[]^_abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz{|}~"));
%20!%22%23%24%25%26'()*%2B%2C-.%2F0123456789%3A%3B%3C%3D%3E%3F%40ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ%5B%5D%5E_%60abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz%7B%7C%7D~
>>> console.log(escape("!"#$%&'()*+,-./0123456789:;<=>?@ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ[]^_abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz{|}~").replace(/%.{2}/g,""));

*+-./0123456789@ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ_abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz
>>> console.log(encodeURIComponent("!"#$%&'()*+,-./0123456789:;<=>?@ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ[]^_`abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz{|}~").replace(/%.{2}/g,""));
!'()*-.0123456789ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ_abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz~

结果比较：

escape未编码的字符： *+-./@_   共7个

encodeURIComponent未编码的字符： !'()*-._~  共9个

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