从上面可以看出，使用 lynis 进行主机扫描很简单，只需要带上参数 audit system 即可。 Lynis在审计的过程中,会进行多种类似的测试,在审计过程中会将各种测试结果、调试信息、和对系统的加固建议都被写到 stdin 。 我们可以执行下面命令来跳过检查过程,直接截取最后的扫描建议来看。
| sudo lynis audit system |sed '1,/Results/d' |
lynis将扫描的内容分成几大类，可以通过 show groups 参数来获取类别
| lynis show groups |
accounting
authentication
banners
boot_services
containers
crypto
databases
dns
file_integrity
file_permissions
filesystems
firewalls
hardening
homedirs
insecure_services
kernel
kernel_hardening
ldap
logging
mac_frameworks
mail_messaging
malware
memory_processes
nameservices
networking
php
ports_packages
printers_spools
scheduling
shells
snmp
squid
ssh
storage
storage_nfs
system_integrity
time
tooling
usb
virtualization
webservers
若指向扫描某几类的内容，则可以通过 –tests-from-group 参数来指定。
比如我只想扫描 shells 和 networking 方面的内容，则可以执行
| sudo lynis --tests-from-group "shells networking" --no-colors |
| [ Lynis 2.6.4 ] ################################################################################ Lynis comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY. This is free software, and you are welcome to redistribute it under the terms of the GNU General Public License. See the LICENSE file for details about using this software. 2007-2018, CISOfy - https://cisofy.com/lynis/ Enterprise support available (compliance, plugins, interface and tools) ################################################################################ [+] Initializing program ------------------------------------ [2C- Detecting OS... [41C [ DONE ] [2C- Checking profiles...[37C [ DONE ] [2C- Detecting language and localization[22C [ zh ] [4CNotice: no language file found for 'zh' (tried: /usr/share/lynis/db/languages/zh)[0C --------------------------------------------------- Program version: 2.6.4 Operating system: Linux Operating system name: Arch Linux Operating system version: Rolling release Kernel version: 4.16.13 Hardware platform: x86_64 Hostname: T520 --------------------------------------------------- Profiles: /etc/lynis/default.prf Log file: /var/log/lynis.log Report file: /var/log/lynis-report.dat Report version: 1.0 Plugin directory: /usr/share/lynis/plugins --------------------------------------------------- Auditor: [Not Specified] Language: zh Test category: all Test group: shells networking --------------------------------------------------- [2C- Program update status... [32C [ NO UPDATE ] [+] System Tools ------------------------------------ [2C- Scanning available tools...[30C [2C- Checking system binaries...[30C [+] Plugins (phase 1) ------------------------------------ [0CNote: plugins have more extensive tests and may take several minutes to complete[0C [0C [0C [2C- Plugins enabled[42C [ NONE ] [+] Shells ------------------------------------ [2C- Checking shells from /etc/shells[25C [4CResult: found 5 shells (valid shells: 5).[16C [4C- Session timeout settings/tools[25C [ NONE ] [2C- Checking default umask values[28C [4C- Checking default umask in /etc/bash.bashrc[13C [ NONE ] [4C- Checking default umask in /etc/profile[17C [ WEAK ] [+] Networking ------------------------------------ [2C- Checking IPv6 configuration[30C [ ENABLED ] [6CConfiguration method[35C [ AUTO ] [6CIPv6 only[46C [ NO ] [2C- Checking configured nameservers[26C [4C- Testing nameservers[36C [6CNameserver: 202.96.134.33[30C [ SKIPPED ] [6CNameserver: 202.96.128.86[30C [ SKIPPED ] [4C- Minimal of 2 responsive nameservers[20C [ SKIPPED ] [2C- Getting listening ports (TCP/UDP)[24C [ DONE ] [6C* Found 11 ports[39C [2C- Checking status DHCP client[30C [ RUNNING ] [2C- Checking for ARP monitoring software[21C [ NOT FOUND ] [+] Custom Tests ------------------------------------ [2C- Running custom tests... [33C [ NONE ] [+] Plugins (phase 2) ------------------------------------ ================================================================================ -[ Lynis 2.6.4 Results ]- Great, no warnings Suggestions (1): ---------------------------- * Consider running ARP monitoring software (arpwatch,arpon) [NETW-3032] https://cisofy.com/controls/NETW-3032/ Follow-up: ---------------------------- - Show details of a test (lynis show details TEST-ID) - Check the logfile for all details (less /var/log/lynis.log) - Read security controls texts (https://cisofy.com) - Use --upload to upload data to central system (Lynis Enterprise users) ================================================================================ Lynis security scan details: Hardening index : 33 [###### ] Tests performed : 13 Plugins enabled : 0 Components: - Firewall [X] - Malware scanner [X] Lynis Modules: - Compliance Status [?] - Security Audit [V] - Vulnerability Scan [V] Files: - Test and debug information : /var/log/lynis.log - Report data : /var/log/lynis-report.dat ================================================================================ Lynis 2.6.4 Auditing, system hardening, and compliance for UNIX-based systems (Linux, macOS, BSD, and others) 2007-2018, CISOfy - https://cisofy.com/lynis/ Enterprise support available (compliance, plugins, interface and tools) ================================================================================ [TIP]: Enhance Lynis audits by adding your settings to custom.prf (see /etc/lynis/default.prf for all settings) |
