[yejr@imysql]> select id from t_innodb_random where id > (select round(rand()*(select max(id) from t_innodb_random)) as nid) limit 1G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
id: 1301
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
可以看到，虽然执行计划也是全索引扫描，但是因为有了LIMIT 1，只需要找到一条记录，即可终止扫描，所以效率还是很快的。
小结：
从数据库中随机取一条记录时，可以把RAND()生成随机数放在JOIN子查询中以提高效率。
5、再来看看用ORDRR BY RAND()方式一次取得多个随机值的方式：
[yejr@imysql]> explain select id from t_innodb_random order by rand() limit 1000G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
id: 1
select_type: SIMPLE
table: t_innodb_random
type: index
possible_keys: NULL
key: idx_id
key_len: 4
ref: NULL
rows: 393345
Extra: Using index; Using temporary; Using filesort
[yejr@imysql]> select id from t_innodb_random order by rand() limit 1000;
1000 rows in set (0.41 sec)
全索引扫描，生成排序临时表，太差太慢了。
6、把随机数放在子查询里看看：
[yejr@imysql]> explain select id from t_innodb_random where id > (select rand() * (select max(id) from t_innodb_random) as nid) limit 1000G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
id: 1
select_type: PRIMARY
table: t_innodb_random
type: index
possible_keys: NULL
key: idx_id
key_len: 4
ref: NULL
rows: 393345
Extra: Using where; Using index
*************************** 2. row ***************************
id: 3
select_type: SUBQUERY
table: NULL
type: NULL
possible_keys: NULL
key: NULL
key_len: NULL
ref: NULL
rows: NULL
Extra: Select tables optimized away
[yejr@imysql]> select id from t_innodb_random where id > (select rand() * (select max(id) from t_innodb_random) as nid) limit 1000G
1000 rows in set (0.04 sec)
嗯，提速了不少，这个看起来还不赖：）
7、仿照上面的方法，改成JOIN和随机数子查询关联
[yejr@imysql]> explain select id from t_innodb_random t1 join (select rand() * (select max(id) from t_innodb_random) as nid) t2 on t1.id > t2.nid limit 1000G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
id: 1
select_type: PRIMARY
table: <derived2>
type: system
possible_keys: NULL
key: NULL
key_len: NULL
ref: NULL
rows: 1
Extra:
*************************** 2. row ***************************
id: 1
select_type: PRIMARY
table: t1
type: range
possible_keys: idx_id
key: idx_id
key_len: 4
ref: NULL
rows: 196672
Extra: Using where; Using index
*************************** 3. row ***************************
id: 2
select_type: DERIVED
table: NULL
type: NULL
possible_keys: NULL
key: NULL
key_len: NULL
ref: NULL
rows: NULL
Extra: No tables used
*************************** 4. row ***************************
id: 3
select_type: SUBQUERY
table: NULL
type: NULL
possible_keys: NULL
key: NULL
key_len: NULL
ref: NULL
rows: NULL
Extra: Select tables optimized away
